root/branches/maintenance/2.2.1/Modelica/SIunits.mo

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Created maintenance version from Dynasims version with minimal changes (no checksum, 1 graphics, a few improved documentation places, structurallyIncomplete annotations in Visualizers)
Line 
1package SIunits
2  "Type and unit definitions based on SI units according to ISO 31-1992" 
3package UsersGuide "Users Guide" 
4  annotation (DocumentationClass=true, Documentation(info="<HTML>
5<h3><font color=\"#008000\" size=5>Users Guide of package SIunits</font></h3>
6<p>
7Library <b>SIunits</b> is a <b>free</b> Modelica package providing
8predefined types, such as <i>Mass</i>,
9<i>Length</i>, <i>Time</i>, based on the international standard
10on units.</p>
11
12</HTML>"));
13   
14  package HowToUseSIunits "How to use SIunits" 
15     
16    annotation (DocumentationClass=true, Documentation(info="<html>
17<h3><font color=\"#008000\" size=5>How to use SIunits</font></h3>
18
19<p>
20When implementing a Modelica model, every variable needs to
21be declared. Physical variables should be declared with a unit.
22The basic approach in Modelica is that the unit attribute of
23a variable is the <b>unit</b> in which the <b>equations</b> are <b>written</b>,
24for example:
25</p>
26
27<pre>   <b>model</b> MassOnGround
28     <b>parameter</b> Real m(quantity=\"Mass\", unit=\"kg\") \"Mass\";
29     <b>parameter</b> Real f(quantity=\"Force\", unit=\"N\") \"Driving force\";
30     Real s(unit=\"m\") \"Position of mass\";
31     Real v(unit=\"m/s\") \"Velocity of mass\";
32   <b>equation</b>
33     <b>der</b>(s) = v;
34     m*<b>der</b>(v) = f;
35   <b>end</b> MassOnGround;
36</pre>
37
38<p>
39This means that the equations in the equation section are only correct
40for the specified units. A different issue is the user interface, i.e.,
41in which unit the variable is presented to the user in graphical
42user interfaces, both for input (e.g., parameter menu), as well as
43for output (e.g., in the plot window). Preferably, the Modelica tool
44should provide a list of units from which the user can select, e.g.,
45\"m\", \"cm\", \"km\", \"inch\" for quantity \"Length\". When storing the value in
46the model as a Modelica modifier, it has to be converted to the unit defined
47in the declaration. Additionally, the unit used in the graphical
48user interface has to be stored. In order to have a standardized way
49of doing this, Modelica provides the following three attributs
50for a variable of type Real:
51</p>
52
53<ul>
54<li><b>quantity</b> to define the physical quantity (e.g. \"Length\", or \"Energy\").</li>
55<li><b>unit</b> to define the unit that has to be used
56    in order that the equations are correct (e.g. \"N.m\").</li>
57<li><b>displayUnit</b> to define the unit used in the graphical
58    user interface as default display unit for input and/or output.</li>
59</ul>
60
61<p>
62Note, a unit, such as \"N.m\", is not sufficient to define uniquely the
63physical quantity, since, e.g., \"N.m\" might be either \"torque\" or
64\"energy\". The \"quantity\" attribute might therefore be used by a tool
65to select the corresponding menu from which the user can select
66a unit for the corresponding variable.
67</p>
68
69<p>
70For example, after providing a value for \"m\" and \"f\" in a parameter
71menu of an instance of MassOnGround, a tool might generate the following code:
72</p>
73
74<pre>
75   MassOnGround myObject(m(displayUnit=\"g\")=2, f=3);
76</pre>
77
78<p>
79The meaning is that in the equations a value of \"2\" is used
80and that in the graphical user interface a value of \"2000\" should be used,
81together with the unit \"g\" from the unit set \"Mass\" (= the quantity name).
82Note, according to the Modelica specification
83a tool might ignore the \"displayUnit\" attribute.
84</p>
85
86<p>
87In order to help the Modelica model developer, the Modelica.SIunits
88library provides about 450 predefined type names,
89together with values for the attributes <b>quantity</b>, <b>unit</b> and sometimes
90<b>displayUnit</b> and <b>min</b>. The unit is always selected as SI-unit according to the
91ISO standard. The type and the quantity names are the
92quantity names used in the ISO standard. \"quantity\" and \"unit\" are defined
93as \"<b>final</b>\" in order that they cannot be modified. Attributes \"displayUnit\"
94and \"min\" can, however, be changed in a model via a modification. The example above,
95might therefore be alternatively also defined as:
96</p>
97
98<pre>   <b>model</b> MassOnGround
99     <b>parameter</b> Modelica.SIunits.Mass  m \"Mass\";
100     <b>parameter</b> Modelica.SIunits.Force f \"Driving force\";
101     ...
102   <b>end</b> MassOnGround;
103</pre>
104
105<p>
106or in a short hand notation as
107</p>
108
109<pre>
110   <b>model</b> MassOnGround
111     <b>import</b> SI = Modelica.SIunits;
112     <b>parameter</b> SI.Mass  m \"Mass\";
113     <b>parameter</b> SI.Force f \"Driving force\";
114     ...
115   <b>end</b> MassOnGround;
116</pre>
117
118<p>
119For some often
120used Non SI-units (like hour), some additional type definitions are
121present as Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.NonSIunits. If this is not sufficient,
122the user has to define its own types or use the attributes directly
123in the declaration as in the example at the beginning.
124</p>
125
126</html>"));
127     
128  end HowToUseSIunits;
129   
130  package Conventions "Conventions" 
131     
132    annotation (DocumentationClass=true, Documentation(info="<html>
133<h3><font color=\"#008000\" size=5>Conventions</font></h3>
134
135<p>The following conventions are used in package SIunits:</p>
136<ul>
137<li>Modelica quantity names are defined according to the recommendations
138    of ISO 31. Some of these name are rather long, such as
139    \"ThermodynamicTemperature\". Shorter alias names are defined, e.g.,
140    \"type Temp_K = ThermodynamicTemperature;\".</li>
141<li>Modelica units are defined according to the SI base units without
142    multiples (only exception \"kg\").</li>
143<li>For some quantities, more convenient units for an engineer are
144    defined as \"displayUnit\", i.e., the default unit for display
145    purposes (e.g., displayUnit=\"deg\" for quantity=\"Angle\").</li>
146<li>The type name is identical to the quantity name, following
147    the convention of type names.</li>
148<li>All quantity and unit attributes are defined as final in order
149    that they cannot be redefined to another value.</li>
150<li>Similiar quantities, such as \"Length, Breadth, Height, Thickness,
151    Radius\" are defined as the same quantity (here: \"Length\").</li>
152<li>The ordering of the type declarations in this package follows ISO 31:
153<pre>
154  Chapter  1: <b>Space and Time</b>
155  Chapter  2: <b>Periodic and Related Phenomena</b>
156  Chapter  3: <b>Mechanics</b>
157  Chapter  4: <b>Heat</b>
158  Chapter  5: <b>Electricity and Magnetism</b>
159  Chapter  6: <b>Light and Related Electro-Magnetic Radiations</b>
160  Chapter  7: <b>Acoustics</b>
161  Chapter  8: <b>Physical Chemistry</b>
162  Chapter  9: <b>Atomic and Nuclear Physics</b>
163  Chapter 10: <b>Nuclear Reactions and Ionizing Radiations</b>
164  Chapter 11: (not defined in ISO 31-1992)
165  Chapter 12: <b>Characteristic Numbers</b>
166  Chapter 13: <b>Solid State Physics</b>
167</pre>
168</li>
169<li>Conversion functions between SI and non-SI units are available in subpackage
170    <b>Conversions</b>.</li>
171</ul>
172</html>"));
173     
174  end Conventions;
175   
176  class Literature "Literature" 
177     
178    annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
179<h3><font color=\"#008000\" size=5>Literature</font></h3>
180
181<p> This package is based on the following references
182</p>
183
184<dl>
185<dt>ISO 31-1992:</dt>
186<dd> <b>General principles concerning
187    quantities, units and symbols</b>.<br>&nbsp;</dd>
188
189<dt>ISO 1000-1992:</dt>
190<dd> <b>SI units and recommendations for the use
191    of their multiples and of certain other units</b>.<br>&nbsp;</dd>
192
193<dt>Cardarelli F.:</dt>
194<dd> <b>Scientific Unit Conversion - A Practical
195     Guide to Metrication</b>. Springer 1997.</dd>
196</dl>
197
198</html>
199"));
200  end Literature;
201   
202  class Contact "Contact" 
203     
204    annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
205<h3><font color=\"#008000\" size=5>Contact</font></h3>
206
207<dl>
208<dt><b>Main Author:</b>
209<dd><a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a><br>
210    Deutsches Zentrum f&uuml;r Luft und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)<br>
211    Institut f&uuml;r Robotik und Mechatronik<br> 
212    Abteilung f&uuml;r Entwurfsorientierte Regelungstechnik<br>
213    Postfach 1116<br>
214    D-82230 Wessling<br>
215    Germany<br>
216    email: <A HREF=\"mailto:Martin.Otter@dlr.de\">Martin.Otter@dlr.de</A><br>
217</dl>
218
219
220<p><b>Acknowledgements:</b></p>
221<ul>
222<li> Astrid Jaschinski, Hubertus Tummescheit and Christian Schweiger
223     contributed to the implementation of this package.</li>
224</ul>
225</html>
226"));
227  end Contact;
228   
229end UsersGuide;
230  extends Modelica.Icons.Library2;
231 
232  annotation(preferedView="info",
233    Window(
234      x=0.08,
235      y=0.04,
236      width=0.58,
237      height=0.84,
238      library=1,
239      autolayout=1),
240    Invisible=true,
241    Icon(Text(
242        extent=[-63, -13; 45, -67],
243        string="[kg.m2]",
244        style(color=0))),
245    Documentation(info="<html>
246<p>This package provides predefined types, such as <i>Mass</i>,
247<i>Angle</i>, <i>Time</i>, based on the international standard
248on units, e.g.,
249</p>
250
251<pre>   <b>type</b> Angle = Real(<b>final</b> quantity = \"Angle\",
252                     <b>final</b> unit     = \"rad\",
253                     displayUnit    = \"deg\");
254</pre>
255
256<p>
257as well as conversion functions from non SI-units to SI-units
258and vice versa in subpackage
259<a href=\"Modelica://Modelica.SIunits.Conversions\">Conversions</a>.
260</p>
261
262<p>
263For an introduction how units are used in the Modelica standard library
264with package SIunits, have a look at:
265<a href=\"Modelica://Modelica.SIunits.UsersGuide.HowToUseSIunits\">How to use SIunits</a>.
266</p>
267
268<p>
269Copyright &copy; 1998-2006, Modelica Association and DLR.
270</p>
271<p>
272<i>This Modelica package is <b>free</b> software; it can be redistributed and/or modified
273under the terms of the <b>Modelica license</b>, see the license conditions
274and the accompanying <b>disclaimer</b> 
275<a href=\"Modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.ModelicaLicense\">here</a>.</i>
276</p>
277
278</html>", revisions="<html>
279<ul>
280<li><i>Dec. 14, 2005</i>
281       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
282       Add users guide and removed \"min\" values for Resistance and Conductance.</li>
283<li><i>October 21, 2002</i>
284       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>
285       and <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Christian.Schweiger/\">Christian Schweiger</a>:<br>
286       Added new package <b>Conversions</b>. Corrected typo <i>Wavelenght</i>.</li>
287<li><i>June 6, 2000</i>
288       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
289       Introduced the following new types<br>
290       type Temperature = ThermodynamicTemperature;<br>
291       types DerDensityByEnthalpy, DerDensityByPressure,
292       DerDensityByTemperature, DerEnthalpyByPressure,
293       DerEnergyByDensity, DerEnergyByPressure<br>
294       Attribute \"final\" removed from min and max values
295       in order that these values can still be changed to narrow
296       the allowed range of values.<br>
297       Quantity=\"Stress\" removed from type \"Stress\", in order
298       that a type \"Stress\" can be connected to a type \"Pressure\".</li>
299<li><i>Oct. 27, 1999</i>
300       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
301       New types due to electrical library: Transconductance, InversePotential,
302       Damping.</li>
303<li><i>Sept. 18, 1999</i>
304       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
305       Renamed from SIunit to SIunits. Subpackages expanded, i.e., the
306       SIunits package, does no longer contain subpackages.</li>
307<li><i>Aug 12, 1999</i>
308       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
309       Type \"Pressure\" renamed to \"AbsolutePressure\" and introduced a new
310       type \"Pressure\" which does not contain a minimum of zero in order
311       to allow convenient handling of relative pressure. Redefined
312       BulkModulus as an alias to AbsolutePressure instead of Stress, since
313       needed in hydraulics.</li>
314<li><i>June 29, 1999</i>
315       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>:<br>
316       Bug-fix: Double definition of \"Compressibility\" removed
317       and appropriate \"extends Heat\" clause introduced in
318       package SolidStatePhysics to incorporate ThermodynamicTemperature.</li>
319<li><i>April 8, 1998</i>
320       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>
321       and Astrid Jaschinski:<br>
322       Complete ISO 31 chapters realized.</li>
323<li><i>Nov. 15, 1997</i>
324       by <a href=\"http://www.robotic.dlr.de/Martin.Otter/\">Martin Otter</a>
325       and <a href=\"http://www.control.lth.se/~hubertus/\">Hubertus Tummescheit</a>:<br>
326       Some chapters realized.</li>
327</ul>
328</html>"),
329    Diagram(
330      Rectangle(extent=[169, 86; 349, 236], style(fillColor=30, fillPattern=1)),
331      Polygon(points=[169, 236; 189, 256; 369, 256; 349, 236; 169, 236], style(
332            fillColor=30, fillPattern=1)),
333      Polygon(points=[369, 256; 369, 106; 349, 86; 349, 236; 369, 256], style(
334            fillColor=30, fillPattern=1)),
335      Text(
336        extent=[179, 226; 339, 196],
337        string="Library",
338        style(
339          color=9,
340          fillColor=0,
341          fillPattern=1)),
342      Text(
343        extent=[206, 173; 314, 119],
344        string="[kg.m2]",
345        style(color=0)),
346      Text(
347        extent=[163, 320; 406, 264],
348        string="Modelica.SIunits",
349        style(color=1))));
350 
351  package Conversions
352    "Conversion functions to/from non SI units and type definitions of non SI units" 
353   
354    extends Modelica.Icons.Library2;
355   
356    annotation(preferedView="info", Icon(
357        Text(
358          extent=[-33, -7; -92, -67],
359          string="°C",
360          style(color=0, thickness=4)),
361        Text(
362          extent=[82, -7; 22, -67],
363          string="K",
364          style(color=0)),
365        Line(points=[-26, -36; 6, -36], style(color=0)),
366        Polygon(points=[6, -28; 6, -45; 26, -37; 6, -28], style(pattern=0,
367              fillColor=0))), Documentation(info="<HTML>
368<p>This package provides conversion functions from the non SI Units
369defined in package Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.NonSIunits to the
370corresponding SI Units defined in package Modelica.SIunits and vice
371versa. It is recommended to use these functions in the following
372way (note, that all functions have one Real input and one Real output
373argument):</p>
374<pre>
375  <b>import</b> SI = Modelica.SIunits;
376  <b>import</b> Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.*;
377     ...
378  <b>parameter</b> SI.Temperature     T   = from_degC(25);   // convert 25 degree Celsius to Kelvin
379  <b>parameter</b> SI.Angle           phi = from_deg(180);   // convert 180 degree to radian
380  <b>parameter</b> SI.AngularVelocity w   = from_rpm(3600);  // convert 3600 revolutions per minutes
381                                                      // to radian per seconds
382</pre>
383 
384</HTML>
385"));
386   
387    package NonSIunits "Type definitions of non SI units" 
388     
389      extends Modelica.Icons.Library2;
390     
391      type Temperature_degC = Real (final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature",
392            final unit="degC");
393      type Temperature_degF = Real (final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature",
394            final unit="degF");
395      type Temperature_degRk = Real (final quantity="ThermodynamicTemperature",
396            final unit="degRk");
397      type Angle_deg = Real (final quantity="Angle", final unit="deg");
398      type AngularVelocity_rpm = Real (final quantity="AngularVelocity", final unit
399            =    "rev/min");
400      type Velocity_kmh = Real (final quantity="Velocity", final unit="km/h");
401      type Time_day = Real (final quantity="Time", final unit="d");
402      type Time_hour = Real (final quantity="Time", final unit="h");
403      type Time_minute = Real (final quantity="Time", final unit="min");
404      type Volume_litre = Real (final quantity="Volume", final unit="l");
405      type Energy_kWh = Real (final quantity="Energy", final unit="kW.h");
406      type Pressure_bar = Real (final quantity="Pressure", final unit="bar");
407      type MassFlowRate_gps = Real (final quantity="MassFlowRate", final unit=
408              "g/s");
409     
410      annotation(preferedView="info", Documentation(info="<HTML>
411<p>
412This package provides predefined types, such as <b>Angle_deg</b> (angle in
413degree), <b>AngularVelocity_rpm</b> (angular velocity in revolutions per
414minute) or <b>Temperature_degF</b> (temperature in degree Fahrenheit),
415which are in common use but are not part of the international standard on
416units according to ISO 31-1992 \"General principles concerning quantities,
417units and symbols\" and ISO 1000-1992 \"SI units and recommendations for
418the use of their multiples and of certain other units\".</p>
419<p>If possible, the types in this package should not be used. Use instead
420types of package Modelica.SIunits. For more information on units, see also
421the book of Francois Cardarelli <b>Scientific Unit Conversion - A
422Practical Guide to Metrication</b> (Springer 1997).</p>
423<p>Some units, such as <b>Temperature_degC/Temp_C</b> are both defined in
424Modelica.SIunits and in Modelica.Conversions.NonSIunits. The reason is that these
425definitions have been placed erroneously in Modelica.SIunits although they
426are not SIunits. For backward compatibility, these type definitions are
427still kept in Modelica.SIunits.</p>
428</HTML>
429"), Icon(Text(
430            extent=[-66, -13; 52, -67],
431            string="[rev/min]",
432            style(color=0))));
433    end NonSIunits;
434   
435    function to_degC "Convert from Kelvin to °Celsius" 
436      extends ConversionIcon;
437      input Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
438      output NonSIunits.Temperature_degC Celsius "Celsius value";
439      annotation (Icon(Text(
440            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
441            style(color=0),
442            string="K"), Text(
443            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
444            style(color=0),
445            string="°C")));
446    algorithm 
447      Celsius := Kelvin + Modelica.Constants.T_zero;
448    end to_degC;
449   
450    function from_degC "Convert from °Celsius to Kelvin" 
451      extends ConversionIcon;
452      input NonSIunits.Temperature_degC Celsius "Celsius value";
453      output Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
454      annotation (Icon(Text(
455            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
456            style(color=0),
457            string="°C"), Text(
458            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
459            style(color=0),
460            string="K")));
461    algorithm 
462      Kelvin := Celsius - Modelica.Constants.T_zero;
463    end from_degC;
464   
465    function to_degF "Convert from Kelvin to °Fahrenheit" 
466      extends ConversionIcon;
467      input Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
468      output NonSIunits.Temperature_degF Fahrenheit "Fahrenheit value";
469      annotation (Icon(Text(
470            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
471            style(color=0),
472            string="K"), Text(
473            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
474            style(color=0),
475            string="°F")));
476    algorithm 
477      Fahrenheit := (Kelvin + Modelica.Constants.T_zero)*(9/5) + 32;
478    end to_degF;
479   
480    function from_degF "Convert from °Fahrenheit to Kelvin" 
481      extends ConversionIcon;
482      input NonSIunits.Temperature_degF Fahrenheit "Fahrenheit value";
483      output Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
484      annotation (Icon(Text(
485            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
486            style(color=0),
487            string="°F"), Text(
488            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
489            style(color=0),
490            string="K")));
491    algorithm 
492      Kelvin := (Fahrenheit - 32)*(5/9) - Modelica.Constants.T_zero;
493    end from_degF;
494   
495    function to_degRk "Convert from Kelvin to °Rankine" 
496      extends ConversionIcon;
497      input Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
498      output NonSIunits.Temperature_degRk Rankine "Rankine value";
499      annotation (Icon(Text(
500            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
501            style(color=0),
502            string="K"), Text(
503            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
504            style(color=0),
505            string="°Rk")));
506    algorithm 
507      Rankine := (9/5)*Kelvin;
508    end to_degRk;
509   
510    function from_degRk "Convert from °Rankine to Kelvin" 
511      extends ConversionIcon;
512      input NonSIunits.Temperature_degRk Rankine "Rankine value";
513      output Temperature Kelvin "Kelvin value";
514      annotation (Icon(Text(
515            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
516            style(color=0),
517            string="°Rk"), Text(
518            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
519            style(color=0),
520            string="K")));
521    algorithm 
522      Kelvin := (5/9)*Rankine;
523    end from_degRk;
524   
525    function to_deg "Convert from radian to degree" 
526      extends ConversionIcon;
527      input Angle radian "radian value";
528      output NonSIunits.Angle_deg degree "degree value";
529      annotation (Icon(Text(
530            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
531            style(color=0),
532            string="rad"), Text(
533            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
534            style(color=0),
535            string="deg")));
536    algorithm 
537      degree := (180.0/Modelica.Constants.pi)*radian;
538    end to_deg;
539   
540    function from_deg "Convert from degree to radian" 
541      extends ConversionIcon;
542      input NonSIunits.Angle_deg degree "degree value";
543      output Angle radian "radian value";
544      annotation (Icon(Text(
545            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
546            style(color=0),
547            string="deg"), Text(
548            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
549            style(color=0),
550            string="rad")));
551    algorithm 
552      radian := (Modelica.Constants.pi/180.0)*degree;
553    end from_deg;
554   
555    function to_rpm "Convert from radian per second to revolutions per minute" 
556      extends ConversionIcon;
557      input AngularVelocity rs "radian per second value";
558      output NonSIunits.AngularVelocity_rpm rpm "revolutions per minute value";
559      annotation (Icon(Text(
560            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
561            style(color=0),
562            string="rad/s"), Text(
563            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
564            style(color=0),
565            string="rev/min")));
566    algorithm 
567      rpm := (30/Modelica.Constants.pi)*rs;
568    end to_rpm;
569   
570    function from_rpm
571      "Convert from revolutions per minute to radian per second" 
572      extends ConversionIcon;
573      input NonSIunits.AngularVelocity_rpm rpm "revolutions per minute value";
574      output AngularVelocity rs "radian per second value";
575      annotation (Icon(Text(
576            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
577            style(color=0),
578            string="rev/min"), Text(
579            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
580            style(color=0),
581            string="rad/s")));
582    algorithm 
583      rs := (Modelica.Constants.pi/30)*rpm;
584    end from_rpm;
585   
586    function to_kmh "Convert from metre per second to kilometre per hour" 
587      extends ConversionIcon;
588      input Velocity ms "metre per second value";
589      output NonSIunits.Velocity_kmh kmh "kilometre per hour value";
590      annotation (Icon(Text(
591            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
592            style(color=0),
593            string="m/s"), Text(
594            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
595            style(color=0),
596            string="km/h")));
597    algorithm 
598      kmh := 3.6*ms;
599    end to_kmh;
600   
601    function from_kmh "Convert from kilometre per hour to metre per second" 
602      extends ConversionIcon;
603      input NonSIunits.Velocity_kmh kmh "kilometre per hour value";
604      output Velocity ms "metre per second value";
605      annotation (Icon(Text(
606            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
607            style(color=0),
608            string="km/h"), Text(
609            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
610            style(color=0),
611            string="m/s")));
612    algorithm 
613      ms := kmh/3.6;
614    end from_kmh;
615   
616    function to_day "Convert from second to day" 
617      extends ConversionIcon;
618      input Time s "second value";
619      output NonSIunits.Time_day day "day value";
620      annotation (Icon(Text(
621            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
622            style(color=0),
623            string="s"), Text(
624            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
625            style(color=0),
626            string="day")));
627    algorithm 
628      day := s/86400;
629    end to_day;
630   
631    function from_day "Convert from day to second" 
632      extends ConversionIcon;
633      input NonSIunits.Time_day day "day value";
634      output Time s "second value";
635      annotation (Icon(Text(
636            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
637            style(color=0),
638            string="day"), Text(
639            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
640            style(color=0),
641            string="s")));
642    algorithm 
643      s := 86400*day;
644    end from_day;
645   
646    function to_hour "Convert from second to hour" 
647      extends ConversionIcon;
648      input Time s "second value";
649      output NonSIunits.Time_hour hour "hour value";
650      annotation (Icon(Text(
651            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
652            style(color=0),
653            string="s"), Text(
654            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
655            style(color=0),
656            string="hour")));
657    algorithm 
658      hour := s/3600;
659    end to_hour;
660   
661    function from_hour "Convert from hour to second" 
662      extends ConversionIcon;
663      input NonSIunits.Time_hour hour "hour value";
664      output Time s "second value";
665      annotation (Icon(Text(
666            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
667            style(color=0),
668            string="hour"), Text(
669            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
670            style(color=0),
671            string="s")));
672    algorithm 
673      s := 3600*hour;
674    end from_hour;
675   
676    function to_minute "Convert from second to minute" 
677      extends ConversionIcon;
678      input Time s "second value";
679      output NonSIunits.Time_minute minute "minute value";
680      annotation (Icon(Text(
681            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
682            style(color=0),
683            string="s"), Text(
684            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
685            style(color=0),
686            string="minute")));
687    algorithm 
688      minute := s/60;
689    end to_minute;
690   
691    function from_minute "Convert from minute to second" 
692      extends ConversionIcon;
693      input NonSIunits.Time_minute minute "minute value";
694      output Time s "second value";
695      annotation (Icon(Text(
696            extent=[-20, 100; -100, 20],
697            style(color=0),
698            string="minute"), Text(
699            extent=[100, -20; 20, -100],
700            style(color=0),
701            string="s")));
702    algorithm 
703      s := 60*minute;
704    end from_minute;
705   
706    function to_litre "Convert from cubic metre to litre" 
707      extends ConversionIcon;
708      input Volume m3 "cubic metre value";
709      output NonSIunits.Volume_litre litre "litre value";
710      annotation (Icon(Text(
711            extent=[-20, 100