root/branches/maintenance/2.2.2/Modelica/Electrical/Machines.mo

Revision 1193, 341.3 kB (checked in by AHaumer, 3 days ago)

fixes ticket #60 (typo in Electrical.Machines.DC)
  • Property svn:eol-style set to native
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1within Modelica.Electrical;
2
3
4package Machines "Library for electric machines" 
5  extends Modelica.Icons.Library2;
6  annotation (
7  version="1.8.9b", versionDate="2007-10-17",
8  Settings(NewStateSelection=true, Evaluate=true),
9  preferedView="info", Documentation(info="<HTML>
10This package contains components to model electrical machines:
11<ul>
12<li>Examples: test examples</li>
13<li>BasicMachines: basic machine models</li>
14<li>Sensors: sensors, usefull when modelling machines</li>
15<li>SpacePhasors: an independent library for using space phasors</li>
16<li>Interfaces: Space phasor connector and partial machine models</li>
17</ul>
18<b>Limitations and assumptions:</b>
19<ul>
20<li>number of phases (of induction machines) is limited to 3, therefore definition as a constant m=3</li>
21<li>phase symmetric windings as well as symmetry of the whole machine structure</li>
22<li>all values are used in physical units, no scaling to p.u. is done</li>
23<li>only basic harmonics (in space) are taken into account</li>
24<li>waveform (with respect to time) of voltages and currents is not restricted</li>
25<li>constant parameters, i.e. no saturation, no skin effect</li>
26<li>no iron losses, eddy currents, friction losses;<br>
27    only ohmic losses in stator and rotor winding</li>
28</ul>
29<p>
30You may have a look at a short summary of space phasor theory at <a href=\"http://www.haumer.at/refimg/SpacePhasors.pdf\">http://www.haumer.at/refimg/SpacePhasors.pdf</a>
31</p>
32<b>Further development:</b>
33<ul>
34<li>generalizing space phasor theory to m phases with arbitrary spatial angle of the coils</li>
35<li>generalizing space phasor theory to arbitrary number of windings and winding factor of the coils</li>
36<li>MachineModels: other machine types</li>
37<li>effects: saturation, skin-effect, other losses than ohmic, ...</li>
38</ul>
39<dl>
40  <dt><b>Main Authors:</b></dt>
41  <dd>
42  <a href=\"http://www.haumer.at/\">Anton Haumer</a><br>
43  Technical Consulting & Electrical Engineering<br>
44  A-3423 St.Andrae-Woerdern<br>Austria<br>
45  email: <a href=\"mailto:a.haumer@haumer.at\">a.haumer@haumer.at</a>
46  </dd>
47</dl>
48<p>
49Copyright &copy; 1998-2007, Modelica Association and Anton Haumer.
50</p>
51<p>
52<i>This Modelica package is <b>free</b> software; it can be redistributed and/or modified
53under the terms of the <b>Modelica license</b>, see the license conditions
54and the accompanying <b>disclaimer</b> 
55<a href=\"Modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.ModelicaLicense\">here</a>.</i>
56</p>
57</HTML>", revisions="<HTML>
58  <ul>
59  <li> v1.00  2004/09/16 Anton Haumer<br>
60       first stable release</li>
61  <li> v1.01  2004/09/18 Anton Haumer<br>
62       moved common equations from machine models to PartialMachine<br>
63       improved MoveToRotational</li>
64  <li> v1.02  2004/09/19 Anton Haumer<br>
65       new package structure for machine types<br>
66       added DC machine models</li>
67  <li> v1.03  2004/09/24 Anton Haumer<br>
68       added package Sensors<br>
69       added DC machine with series excitation<br>
70       debugged and improved MoveToRotational</li>
71  <li> v1.1   2004/10/01 Anton Haumer<br>
72       changed naming and structure<br>
73       issued to Modelica Standard Library 2.1</li>
74  <li> v1.2   2004/10/27 Anton Haumer<br>
75       fixed a bug with support (formerly bearing)</li>
76  <li> v1.3   2004/11/05 Anton Haumer<br>
77       several improvements in SpacePhasors.Blocks</li>
78  <li> v1.3.1 2004/11/06 Anton Haumer<br>
79       small changes in Examples.Utilities.VfController</li>
80  <li> v1.3.2 2004/11/10 Anton Haumer<br>
81       ReluctanceRotor moved to SynchronousMachines</li>
82  <li> v1.4   2004/11/11 Anton Haumer<br>
83       removed mechanical flange support<br>
84       to ease the implementation of a 3D-frame in a future release</li>
85  <li> v1.51  2005/02/01 Anton Haumer<br>
86       changed parameter polePairs to Integer</li>
87  <li> v1.52  2005/10/12 Anton Haumer<br>
88       added BasicMachines.SynchronousInductionMachines.SM_ElectricalExcitedDamperCage<br>
89       using new basicMachines.Components.ElectricalExcitation<br>
90       as well as a new exmaple.</li>
91  <li> v1.53  2005/10/14 Anton Haumer<br>
92       introduced unsymmetrical DamperCage for Synchronous Machines</li>
93  <li> v1.60  2005/11/04 Anton Haumer<br>
94       added SpacePhasors.Components.Rotator<br>
95       corrected consistent naming of parameters and variables</li>
96  <li> v1.6.1 2005/11/22 Anton Haumer<br>
97       improved Transformation and Rotation in SpacePhasor.<br>
98       introduced Examples.Utilities.TerminalBox</li>
99  <li> v1.6.2 2005/10/23 Anton Haumer<br>
100       selectable DamperCage for Synchronous Machines</li>
101  <li> v1.6.3 2005/11/25 Anton Haumer<br>
102       easier parametrisation of AsynchronousInductionMachines.AIM_SlipRing model</li>
103  <li> v1.7.0 2005/12/15 Anton Haumer<br>
104       back-changed the naming to ensure backward compatibility</li>
105  <li> v1.7.1 2006/02/06 Anton Haumer<br>
106       changed some naming of synchronous machines, not affecting existing models</li>
107  <li> v1.8.0 2006/11/26 Anton Haumer<br>
108       introduced package Transformers<br>
109       moved common parameters and functionality to partial models,<br>
110       keeping Interfaces.PartialBasicInductionMachines resp. PartialBasicDCMachine for compatibility reasons.<br>
111       implemented support showing reaction torque if connected</li>
112  <li> v1.8.1 2006/12/01 Anton Haumer<br>
113       resolved a compatibility issue with airGap</li>
114  <li> v1.8.2 2007/01/15 Anton Haumer<br>
115       resolved a bug in electrical excited synchronous induction machine</li>
116  <li> v1.8.3 2007/06/08 Anton Haumer<br>
117       documentation update</li>
118  <li> v1.8.4 2007/06/25 Anton Haumer<br>
119       corrected some typos in documentation</li>
120  <li> v1.8.5 2007/06/26 Anton Haumer<br>
121       consistent parameters of DCSE</li>
122  <li> v1.8.6 2007/08/12 Anton Haumer<br>
123       improved documentation</li>
124  <li> v1.8.7 2007/08/20 Anton Haumer<br>
125       corrected typo in documentation</li>
126  <li> v1.8.8 2007/08/20 Anton Haumer<br>
127       improved documentation</li>
128  <li> v1.8.9 2007/10/15 Anton Haumer<br>
129       solved a bug with replaceable airgap / partial machines</li>
130  <li> v1.8.9a 2007/10/16 Anton Haumer<br>
131       removed replaceable from airgaps<br>
132       removed cardinality from support, using a boolean parameter</li>
133  <li> v1.8.9b 2007/10/16 Anton Haumer<br>
134       changes in PartialMachines for backwards comatibility</li>
135  </ul>
136</HTML>"),
137    Icon(
138      Rectangle(extent=[-60,60; 60,-60],    style(
139          color=3,
140          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
141          gradient=2,
142          fillColor=69,
143          rgbfillColor={0,128,255})),
144      Rectangle(extent=[-60,60; -80,-60],    style(
145          color=10,
146          gradient=2,
147          fillColor=10)),
148      Rectangle(extent=[60,10; 80,-10],  style(
149          color=10,
150          rgbcolor={95,95,95},
151          gradient=2,
152          fillColor=10,
153          rgbfillColor={95,95,95})),
154      Rectangle(extent=[-60,70; 20,50], style(
155          color=10,
156          rgbcolor={95,95,95},
157          fillColor=10,
158          rgbfillColor={95,95,95})),
159  Polygon(points=[-70,-90; -60,-90; -30,-20; 20,-20; 50,-90; 60,-90; 60,-100;
160            -70,-100; -70,-90],               style(
161      color=0,
162      gradient=0,
163      fillColor=0,
164      fillPattern=1))));
165 
166  package Examples "Test examples" 
167    extends Modelica.Icons.Library2;
168    annotation (Documentation(info="<HTML>
169This package contains test examples of electric machines,<br>
170and a package utilities with components used for the examples.
171</HTML>", revisions="<HTML>
172<dl>
173  <dt><b>Main Authors:</b></dt>
174  <dd>
175  <a href=\"http://www.haumer.at/\">Anton Haumer</a><br>
176  Technical Consulting & Electrical Engineering<br>
177  A-3423 St.Andrae-Woerdern<br>Austria<br>
178  email: <a href=\"mailto:a.haumer@haumer.at\">a.haumer@haumer.at</a>
179  </dd>
180  <dt><b>Copyright:</b></dt>
181  <dd>Copyright &copy; 1998-2007, Modelica Association and Anton Haumer.<br>
182  <i>The Modelica package is <b>free</b> software; it can be redistributed and/or modified
183  under the terms of the <b>Modelica license</b>, see the license conditions
184  and the accompanying <b>disclaimer</b> in the documentation of package
185  Modelica in file \"Modelica/package.mo\".</i></dd>
186</dl>
187  <ul>
188  <li> v1.00 2004/09/16 Anton Haumer</li>
189  <li> v1.01 2004/09/18 Anton Haumer<br>
190       adapted to improved MoveToRotational</li>
191  <li> v1.02 2004/09/19 Anton Haumer<br>
192       added examples for DC machines</li>
193  <li> v1.03 2004/09/24 Anton Haumer<br>
194       usage of Sensors.CurrentRMSsensor<br>
195       added example for DC machine with series excitation</li>
196  <li> v1.1  2004/10/01 Anton Haumer<br>
197       changed naming and structure<br>
198       issued to Modelica Standard Library 2.1</li>
199  <li> v1.3.1 2004/11/06 Anton Haumer<br>
200       small changes in Utilities.VfController</li>
201  <li> v1.52 2005/10/12 Anton Haumer<br>
202       new example for electrical excited synchronous induction machine</li>
203  <li> v1.6.1 2004/11/22 Anton Haumer<br>
204       introduced Utilities.TerminalBox</li>
205  </ul>
206</HTML>"), Icon(Ellipse(extent=[-80,44; 60,-96], style(color=10, rgbcolor={95,
207                95,95})), Polygon(points=[-40,36; -40,-88; 60,-26; -40,36],
208            style(
209            color=10,
210            rgbcolor={95,95,95},
211            fillColor=10,
212            rgbfillColor={95,95,95}))));
213   
214    model AIMC_DOL
215      "Test example 1: AsynchronousInductionMachineSquirrelCage direct-on-line" 
216      extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
217      constant Integer m=3 "number of phases";
218      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Voltage VNominal=100 
219        "nominal RMS voltage per phase";
220      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Frequency fNominal=50 "nominal frequency";
221      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tStart1=0.1 "start time";
222      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Torque T_Load=161.4 "nominal load torque";
223      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.NonSIunits.AngularVelocity_rpm 
224        rpmLoad=1440.45 "nominal load speed";
225      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Inertia J_Load=0.29 "load's moment of inertia";
226      annotation (
227        Diagram,
228        experiment(StopTime=1.5, Interval=0.001),
229        experimentSetupOutput(
230          doublePrecision=true),
231        Documentation(info="<HTML>
232<b>1st Test example: Asynchronous induction machine with squirrel cage - direct on line starting</b><br>
233At start time tStart three phase voltage is supplied to the asynchronous induction machine with squirrel cage;
234the machine starts from standstill, accelerating inertias against load torque quadratic dependent on speed, finally reaching nominal speed.<br>
235Simulate for 1.5 seconds and plot (versus time):
236<ul>
237<li>CurrentRMSsensor1.I: stator current RMS</li>
238<li>AIMC1.rpm_mechanical: motor's speed</li>
239<li>AIMC1.tau_electrical: motor's torque</li>
240</ul>
241Default machine parameters of model <i>AIM_SquirrelCage</i> are used.
242</HTML>"));
243      Machines.BasicMachines.AsynchronousInductionMachines.AIM_SquirrelCage 
244        AIMC1
245        annotation (extent=[-20,-50; 0,-30],     rotation=0);
246      Machines.Sensors.CurrentRMSsensor CurrentRMSsensor1
247        annotation (extent=[10,-10; -10,10],rotation=-90);
248      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Sources.SineVoltage SineVoltage1(
249        final m=m,
250        freqHz=fill(fNominal, m),
251        V=fill(sqrt(2/3)*VNominal, m)) 
252        annotation (extent=[10,70; -10,50],    rotation=-90);
253      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Star Star1(final m=m) 
254        annotation (extent=[-50, 80; -70, 100]);
255      Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Basic.Ground Ground1
256        annotation (extent=[-100, 80; -80, 100], rotation=-90);
257      Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanStep BooleanStep1[m](each startTime=tStart1) 
258        annotation (extent=[-80,30; -60,50]);
259      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Ideal.IdealClosingSwitch IdealCloser1(final m=m) 
260        annotation (extent=[10,20; -10,40],    rotation=-90);
261      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Inertia LoadInertia(J=J_Load) 
262        annotation (extent=[40,-50; 60,-30]);
263      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.QuadraticSpeedDependentTorque 
264        QuadraticLoadTorque1(
265                    w_nominal=Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.from_rpm(rpmLoad),
266          tau_nominal=-T_Load,
267        TorqueDirection=false) 
268        annotation (extent=[90,-50; 70,-30]);
269      Utilities.TerminalBox TerminalBox1(StarDelta="D") 
270        annotation (extent=[-20,-30; 0,-10]);
271    equation 
272      connect(Star1.pin_n, Ground1.p) 
273        annotation (points=[-70, 90; -80, 90], style(color=3));
274      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_n, Star1.plug_p) 
275        annotation (points=[-6.12323e-016,70; -6.12323e-016,90; -50,90],
276                                                        style(color=3));
277      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_p, IdealCloser1.plug_p) 
278        annotation (points=[6.12323e-016,50; 0,48; 1.22461e-015,46;
279            6.12323e-016,46; 6.12323e-016,40], style(color=3));
280      connect(AIMC1.flange_a, LoadInertia.flange_a)  annotation (points=[0,-40;
281            40,-40], style(color=0, rgbcolor={0,0,0}));
282      connect(LoadInertia.flange_b, QuadraticLoadTorque1.flange) 
283        annotation (points=[60,-40; 70,-40], style(color=0, rgbcolor={0,0,0}));
284      connect(BooleanStep1.y, IdealCloser1.control) annotation (points=[-59,40;
285            -20,40; -20,30; -7,30],
286                     style(color=5, rgbcolor={255,0,255}));
287      connect(TerminalBox1.negativeMachinePlug, AIMC1.plug_sn) annotation (
288          points=[-16,-30; -16,-30], style(
289          color=3,
290          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
291          fillColor=10,
292          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
293          fillPattern=1));
294      connect(TerminalBox1.positiveMachinePlug, AIMC1.plug_sp) annotation (
295          points=[-4,-30; -4,-30], style(
296          color=3,
297          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
298          fillColor=10,
299          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
300          fillPattern=1));
301      connect(TerminalBox1.plugToGrid, CurrentRMSsensor1.plug_n) annotation (
302          points=[-10,-28; -10,-20; -6.12323e-016,-20; -6.12323e-016,-10],
303          style(
304          color=3,
305          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
306          fillColor=10,
307          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
308          fillPattern=1));
309      connect(IdealCloser1.plug_n, CurrentRMSsensor1.plug_p) annotation (points=[
310            -6.12323e-016,20; -6.12323e-016,17; 6.12323e-016,17; 6.12323e-016,
311            10], style(
312          color=3,
313          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
314          fillColor=10,
315          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
316          fillPattern=1));
317    end AIMC_DOL;
318   
319    model AIMC_YD
320      "Test example 2: AsynchronousInductionMachineSquirrelCage Y-D" 
321      extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
322      constant Integer m=3 "number of phases";
323      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Voltage VNominal=100 
324        "nominal RMS voltage per phase";
325      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Frequency fNominal=50 "nominal frequency";
326      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tStart1=0.1 "start time";
327      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tStart2=2.0 "2nd start time";
328      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Torque T_Load=161.4 "nominal load torque";
329      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.NonSIunits.AngularVelocity_rpm 
330        rpmLoad=1440.45 "nominal load speed";
331      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Inertia J_Load=0.29 "load's moment of inertia";
332      annotation (
333        Diagram,
334        experiment(StopTime=2.5, Interval=0.001),
335        experimentSetupOutput(
336          doublePrecision=true),
337        Documentation(info="<HTML>
338<b>2nd Test example: Asynchronous induction machine with squirrel cage - Y-D starting</b><br>
339At start time tStart three phase voltage is supplied to the asynchronous induction machine with squirrel cage, first star-connected, then delta-connetced; the machine starts from standstill, accelerating inertias against load torque quadratic dependent on speed, finally reaching nominal speed.<br>
340Simulate for 2.5 seconds and plot (versus time):
341<ul>
342<li>CurrentRMSsensor1.I: stator current RMS</li>
343<li>AIMC1.rpm_mechanical: motor's speed</li>
344<li>AIMC1.tau_electrical: motor's torque</li>
345</ul>
346Default machine parameters of model <i>AIM_SquirrelCage</i> are used.
347</HTML>"));
348      Machines.BasicMachines.AsynchronousInductionMachines.AIM_SquirrelCage 
349        AIMC1
350        annotation (extent=[-20,-50; 0,-30],     rotation=0);
351      Machines.Sensors.CurrentRMSsensor CurrentRMSsensor1
352        annotation (extent=[10,-10; -10,10],rotation=-90);
353      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Sources.SineVoltage SineVoltage1(
354        final m=m,
355        freqHz=fill(fNominal, m),
356        V=fill(sqrt(2/3)*VNominal, m)) 
357        annotation (extent=[10,70; -10,50],    rotation=-90);
358      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Star Star1(final m=m) 
359        annotation (extent=[-50, 80; -70, 100]);
360      Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Basic.Ground Ground1
361        annotation (extent=[-100, 80; -80, 100], rotation=-90);
362      Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanStep BooleanStep1[m](each startTime=tStart1) 
363        annotation (extent=[-80, 30; -60, 50]);
364      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Ideal.IdealClosingSwitch IdealCloser1(final m=m) 
365        annotation (extent=[10,20; -10,40],    rotation=-90);
366      Machines.Examples.Utilities.SwitchYD SwitchYD1
367                                            annotation (extent=[-20,-30; 0,-10]);
368      Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanStep BooleanStep2[m](each startTime=tStart2) 
369        annotation (extent=[-80,-30; -60,-10]);
370      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Inertia LoadInertia(J=J_Load) 
371        annotation (extent=[40,-50; 60,-30]);
372      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.QuadraticSpeedDependentTorque 
373        QuadraticLoadTorque1(
374                    w_nominal=Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.from_rpm(rpmLoad),
375          tau_nominal=-T_Load,
376        TorqueDirection=false) 
377        annotation (extent=[90,-50; 70,-30]);
378    equation 
379      connect(Star1.pin_n, Ground1.p) 
380        annotation (points=[-70, 90; -80, 90], style(color=3));
381      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_n, Star1.plug_p) 
382        annotation (points=[-6.12323e-016,70; -6.12323e-016,90; -50,90],
383                                                        style(color=3));
384      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_p, IdealCloser1.plug_p) 
385        annotation (points=[6.12323e-016,50; 0,48; 1.22461e-015,46;
386            6.12323e-016,46; 6.12323e-016,40], style(color=3));
387      connect(SwitchYD1.plug_NS, AIMC1.plug_sn)  annotation (points=[-20,-30;
388            -16,-30],
389                   style(
390          color=3,
391          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
392          fillColor=7,
393          rgbfillColor={255,255,255},
394          fillPattern=1));
395      connect(AIMC1.flange_a, LoadInertia.flange_a)  annotation (points=[0,-40;
396            40,-40], style(color=0, rgbcolor={0,0,0}));
397      connect(LoadInertia.flange_b, QuadraticLoadTorque1.flange) 
398        annotation (points=[60,-40; 70,-40], style(color=0, rgbcolor={0,0,0}));
399      connect(BooleanStep1.y, IdealCloser1.control) annotation (points=[-59,40;
400            -20,40; -20,30; -7,30],
401                 style(color=5, rgbcolor={255,0,255}));
402      connect(BooleanStep2.y, SwitchYD1.control) annotation (points=[-59,-20;
403            -21,-20],style(color=5, rgbcolor={255,0,255}));
404      connect(IdealCloser1.plug_n, CurrentRMSsensor1.plug_p) annotation (points=[
405            -6.12323e-016,20; -6.12323e-016,18; 6.12323e-016,18; 6.12323e-016,
406            10], style(
407          color=3,
408          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
409          fillColor=10,
410          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
411          fillPattern=1));
412      connect(CurrentRMSsensor1.plug_n, SwitchYD1.plug_P) annotation (points=[
413            -6.12323e-016,-10; -6.12303e-016,-10; 0,-8; 0,-10], style(
414          color=3,
415          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
416          fillColor=10,
417          rgbfillColor={135,135,135},
418          fillPattern=1));
419      connect(AIMC1.plug_sp, SwitchYD1.pug_PS) annotation (points=[-4,-30; 0,
420            -30], style(color=3, rgbcolor={0,0,255}));
421    end AIMC_YD;
422   
423    model AIMS_start "Test example 3: AsynchronousInductionMachineSlipRing" 
424      extends Modelica.Icons.Example;
425      constant Integer m=3 "number of phases";
426      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Voltage VNominal=100 
427        "nominal RMS voltage per phase";
428      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Frequency fNominal=50 "nominal frequency";
429      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tStart1=0.1 "1st start time";
430      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Resistance Rstart=0.16 "starting resistance";
431      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Time tStart2=1.0 "2nd start time";
432      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Torque T_Load=161.4 "nominal load torque";
433      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.NonSIunits.AngularVelocity_rpm 
434        rpmLoad=1440.45 "nominal load speed";
435      parameter Modelica.SIunits.Inertia J_Load=0.29 "load's moment of inertia";
436      annotation (
437        Diagram,
438        experiment(StopTime=1.5, Interval=0.001),
439        experimentSetupOutput(
440          doublePrecision=true),
441        Documentation(info="<HTML>
442<b>3rd Test example: Asynchronous induction machine with slipring rotor - resistance starting</b><br>
443At start time tStart1 three phase voltage is supplied to the asynchronous induction machine with sliprings;
444the machine starts from standstill, accelerating inertias against load torque quadratic dependent on speed,
445using a starting resistance. At time tStart2 external rotor resistance is shortened, finally reaching nominal speed.<br>
446Simulate for 1.5 seconds and plot (versus time):
447<ul>
448<li>CurrentRMSsensor1.I: stator current RMS</li>
449<li>AIMS1.rpm_mechanical: motor's speed</li>
450<li>AIMS1.tau_electrical: motor's torque</li>
451</ul>
452Default machine parameters of model <i>AIM_SlipRing</i> are used.
453</HTML>"));
454      Machines.BasicMachines.AsynchronousInductionMachines.AIM_SlipRing AIMS1
455        annotation (extent=[-20,-50; 0,-30],     rotation=0);
456      Machines.Sensors.CurrentRMSsensor CurrentRMSsensor1
457        annotation (extent=[10,-10; -10,10],rotation=-90);
458      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Sources.SineVoltage SineVoltage1(
459        final m=m,
460        freqHz=fill(fNominal, m),
461        V=fill(sqrt(2/3)*VNominal, m)) 
462        annotation (extent=[10,70; -10,50],    rotation=-90);
463      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Star Star1(final m=m) 
464        annotation (extent=[-50, 80; -70, 100]);
465      Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Basic.Ground Ground1
466        annotation (extent=[-100, 80; -80, 100], rotation=-90);
467      Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanStep BooleanStep1[m](each startTime=tStart1) 
468        annotation (extent=[-80,30; -60,50]);
469      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Ideal.IdealClosingSwitch IdealCloser1(final m=m) 
470        annotation (extent=[10,20; -10,40],    rotation=-90);
471      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Star Star3(final m=m) 
472        annotation (extent=[-50,-100; -70,-80]);
473      Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Basic.Ground Ground3
474        annotation (extent=[-100,-100; -80,-80],  rotation=-90);
475      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Ideal.IdealCommutingSwitch 
476        IdealCommutingSwitch1(m=m) 
477        annotation (extent=[-30,-50; -50,-30],   rotation=-90);
478      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Resistor Resistor1(m=m, R=fill(Rstart, m)) 
479        annotation (extent=[-50,-80; -70,-60]);
480      Modelica.Electrical.MultiPhase.Basic.Star Star4(final m=m) 
481        annotation (extent=[-80,-80; -100,-60]);
482      Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanStep BooleanStep2[m](each startTime=tStart2) 
483        annotation (extent=[-80,-50; -60,-30]);
484      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Inertia LoadInertia(J=J_Load) 
485        annotation (extent=[40,-50; 60,-30]);
486      Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.QuadraticSpeedDependentTorque 
487        QuadraticLoadTorque1(
488                    w_nominal=Modelica.SIunits.Conversions.from_rpm(rpmLoad),
489          tau_nominal=-T_Load,
490        TorqueDirection=false) 
491        annotation (extent=[90,-50; 70,-30]);
492      Utilities.TerminalBox TerminalBox1(StarDelta="D") 
493        annotation (extent=[-20,-30; 0,-10]);
494    equation 
495      connect(Star1.pin_n, Ground1.p) 
496        annotation (points=[-70, 90; -80, 90], style(color=3));
497      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_n, Star1.plug_p) 
498        annotation (points=[-6.12323e-016,70; -6.12323e-016,90; -50,90],
499                                                        style(color=3));
500      connect(SineVoltage1.plug_p, IdealCloser1.plug_p) 
501        annotation (points=[6.12323e-016,50; 0,48; 1.22461e-015,46;
502            6.12323e-016,46; 6.12323e-016,40], style(color=3));
503      connect(Star3.pin_n, Ground3.p) 
504        annotation (points=[-70,-90; -80,-90],   style(color=3));
505      connect(Star4.plug_p, Resistor1.plug_n) annotation (points=[-80,-70; -70,
506            -70],  style(
507          color=3,
508          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
509          gradient=2,
510          fillColor=69,
511          rgbfillColor={0,128,255}));
512      connect(Resistor1.plug_p, IdealCommutingSwitch1.plug_n1) annotation (
513          points=[-50,-70; -45,-70; -45,-50],    style(
514          color=3,
515          rgbcolor={0,0,255},
516          gradient=2,
517          fillColor=69,
518          rgbfillColor={0,128,255}));
519      connect(AIMS1.plug_rn, Star3.plug_p)  annotation (points=[-20,-46; -20,
520            -90; -50,-90],
521           style(color=3, rgbcolor={